Essay on Japans Geisha

Exposition on Japans Geisha Exposition on Japans Geisha Exposition on Japans GeishaOne of the most mainstream callings in Japan is Geisha. To be a geisha isn't as simple as it might appear. It isn't just an excellent lady, who ought to engage a man. She should have numerous aptitudes, for example, moving, playing an old style music, she should to be a lady of workmanship to pull in a client’s attention.Geisha is an inherited calling; it implies that to get this work, you must be a geisha’s little girl. The way toward turning out to be geisha has a few stages. Leading all, the preparation must be begun in adolescence. At that point, understudy begins the preparation as a â€Å"minarai†. It implies that, young lady get familiar with all subtleties just by viewing â€Å"okiya’s† (teacher’s) work. Additionally â€Å"minarai† ought to have a more established sister or a more established geisha, in Japan it is onee-san. Her primary capacity is to bring â€Å"minarai† to conventional Japane se spot, teahouse, for instance, where understudy has a likelihood to watch â€Å"onee †san’s† work. It is the primary condition to locate an expected customer. Onee-san likewise should show all the strategies, for example, discussion, gaming and serve of tea. This period runs for about a month.The following stage begins when understudy moves from the status of â€Å"minarai† to the status of â€Å"maiko†. Maiko is a lady, who has just aced the craft of move. This period runs for a considerable length of time. Maiko gain from her senior geisha tutor and follow to every one of her commitment. Also, the last, last advance, when maiko turns into an expert geisha.Training is an over the top expensive procedure, in this way, at that point â€Å"maiko† in the wake of turning into an expert geisha ought to take care of every one of her obligations to the okiya, on the grounds that she gives every single important chance, for example, food, kimonos an d so on., during maiko’s studing. It might occur, when geisha move out to live and work autonomously.

Southern Sudan Referendum

List of chapters Introduction The Referendum Process Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Southern Sudan is right now directing a choice and the democratic exercise has been planned to run from January fifth to fifteenth 2011. The choice is being led after an accord between the North and the South on the modalities of intensity sharing between the two squares had been set (The Kansas City Star).Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Southern Sudan Referendum explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The out happen to the choice will decide if the Southern Sudan residents will pick up their freedom, that they have battled for in the course of the most recent couple of decades, or keep being a piece of Sudan (The Kansas City Star). The activity has pulled in an incredible worldwide consideration portrayed by a high nearness of universal negotiators and writers who are distinctly watching the procedure. The Referendum Process The Southern Sudanese residents hav e exhibited an extraordinary feeling of patriotism since the start of the removing exercise by turning in enormous numbers to cast a ballot in different surveying habitats (The Kansas City Star). The surveying places have additionally been stretched out to neighboring nations like Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda among different areas which have a significant number of Sudan residents. This is intended to give the Southern Sudan residents in these nations an opportunity to take part in the activity. As per the Kansas City news paper report on Sudan choice, the Sudan government and its gathering are prepared to assent the result of the submission. This remark was made by Ibrahim Ghandour and it has diminished the theory that the legislature would most likely repudiate the aftereffects of the choice (The Kansas City Star). Then again, Omar al-Bashir who is the present leader of Sudan has anyway had blended responses about the procedure saying that it would potentially bargain harmony betwee n the Northern and Southern Sudan districts. All things considered, he has guaranteed that as long as the entire procedure is directed reasonably the Southern Sudan square will be liberated to be self-ruling (The Kansas City Star). In spite of the fact that the submission is being done in different pieces of Southern Sudan, the fervently challenged Abeyi locale which is prevalently known for having rich stores of oil â€Å"the dark gold† has really been forgotten about in the choice race because of uncertain private and division questions (The Kansas City Star). The Abeyi district was to have an equal submission simultaneously to decide whether it ought to be a piece of the South or the North. Nonetheless, this has been retired until the referenced questions are sanctioned. Instances of raising savagery have been as of late revealed in this locale inferable from the present high political temperature in the area (Garang). It has additionally been accounted for that Northern c ivilian army bunches have been lynching the southerners along the fringe of Khartoum (Garang).Advertising Looking for article on correspondences media? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The US government has vowed to give the present Sudan government which works from Khartoum wonderful impetuses should it acknowledge the result of the procedure (Garang). The news paper report has additionally uncovered that near 2,000,000 lives have been guaranteed since the start of the contention between the North and the South which has now gone on for well more than two decades. In the event that Southern Sudan picks up freedom, it will bring under its influence a huge domain with rich oil stores and this can best clarify why the Northerners have consistently been hesitant to isolate from the Southerners (The Kansas City Star). The expulsion of Sudan from the record of nations that finance fear based oppressors and revolutionaries is prob ably going to begin once they acknowledge the result of the submission. End Until the conclusive outcomes of the submission will have been discharged in a couple of days to come, one can't offer decisive comment that the Southerners have picked up their autonomy. Be that as it may, attributable to the present circumstance on the ground combined with positive media reports about the entire procedure it is apparent that the result will be acceptable. Consequently the Southerners are probably going to pick up the autonomy they have consistently ached for. The Southern Sudan residents have additionally imagined better open doors should they gain freedom (The Kansas City Star). Works Cited Garang, Joseph. â€Å"Sudan priest talks about choice, global partnerships†. Anglican Journal.com. 06 Jan. 2011. Web. The Kansas City Star. â€Å"Sudan: administering party prepared for south’s independence†. The Kansas City Star. 14 Jan. 2011. Web. This article on Southern Sudan Referendum was composed and put together by client Isiah D. to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Is Speaking At A Conference Really Worth Your Time

Is Speaking At A Conference Really Worth Your Time Public speaking is something that many people fear simply because they are afraid of failure and most importantly, getting embarrassed in a room packed with people waiting to cross-examine you like an FBI investigator. This is the time when you start to wonder whether speaking at a conference really is worth it.Dear friends, most entrepreneurs and professionals find themselves stuck in this dilemma when speaking at a conference. However, have you ever wondered about the benefits for your career once you start speaking at conferences? Even though a lot of hard work, confidence and countless hours of practice go into delivering the perfect speech at a conference, it can really give your career that ‘much needed’ boost you always wished for. © Shutterstock.com | Rawpixel.comAs the topic of this article suggests, we are going to discuss in detail whether conquering your fear of public speaking can actually help you grow as an entrepreneur or sought-after professional in your respective field of work. Without much further ado, let us move on to see the great advantages of attending and speaking at conferences in a snapshot. In the article, we will explore 1) the perks of attending and speaking at conferences, 2) whether speaking at a conference is really worth your time, 3) different types of conference speakers, 4) how to get the most out of speaking at a conference, 5) tips for a better presentation and conference speaking, and 6) conclusion.PERKS OF ATTENDING AND SPEAKING AT CONFERENCES AT A GLANCEThe monetary reward is not always enough to make you want to speak at a conference, but here are some noteworthy advantages that you may want to consider when deciding on whether or not to participate in speaking at an indust ry or professional-level conference.Get in Touch with the Target AudienceAttending and speaking at conferences at a professional level is a great way to get in touch with your target audience and utilize the opportunity to communicate effectively with them. You get a golden chance to assess the audience and get your brand message out in a subtle yet compelling manner. This will in turn do your business good by increasing sales revenues when more and more people understand what you are offering and how it can help them.The greatest advantage of speaking at conferences is that you can easily target cross sections of people who are most likely to use the products or services you are offering and increase brand awareness.The Credibility FactorThe credibility factor is an equally important benefit that you get from speaking at a conference. Now you may wonder what credibility has to do with speaking at a conference, so here is what you need to know. As far as industry-level conferences a re concerned, speaking at a conference on a particular subject automatically helps in building credibility because it shows that you are well-versed on the topic of your speech.For instance, once prospective clients and customers attending the conference hear you speak, they will be more likely to buy your product or avail the services that you are offering because they already consider you an expert in that particular field.Golden Promotional OpportunitiesAs we discussed above, speaking at a conference presents you with the opportunity to build and increase brand awareness and get your message across to hundreds of prospective clients and customers seated there. But, that is not all; you will also get the golden opportunity to distribute business cards, samples or small giveaways as a token of goodwill that will in turn increase brand recall.Also, you may publicize your involvement in the event on your official social media page and accounts to reap even greater benefits.Polish You r Presentation SkillsPresentation skills do not come naturally. You will have to practice many times before you conquer your fear of public speaking completely. However, as time passes, you will become more and more confident and polish your presentation skills simultaneously. Your first presentation may not be as amazing as you expected it to be, but by the time you attend your third or fourth conference, you will speak and present like a pro. After all, practice makes perfect, right?Networking OpportunitiesNetworking opportunities are many, especially when it comes to attending and speaking at a professional-level conference. Not only will people get to know you but they will also get to know what you do, and this is critical in the professional world. Once people are fully aware of your expertise in a particular field, your career will soar to greater heights.Financial RewardsFinancial rewards are also part of the mix when you start speaking at conferences. You not only get to ma ke extra cash, but you also get a chance to promote your products and services on the side. Did you know speakers can make as much as $20,000 per hour along with other perks like five-star accommodation, food and business-class airfare?However, you must be a great presenter in order to nab such great benefits because after all, speaking at conferences to make money is more of a numbers game. The more conferences you speak at, the more money you will make as people discover you as a great presenter.IS SPEAKING AT A CONFERENCE REALLY WORTH YOUR TIME?There are many reasons why people want to speak at a conference, but it all comes down to one thing: ‘Is speaking at a conference really worth your time?’ Here are some points you may want to consider before you make up your mind.Most Conferences Won’t Be Worth Your TimeThis is something important. Take time to consider if speaking at a particular conference will make a valuable addition to your business or your professional career. Most industry conferences will not benefit you much so take your time to plan strategically on how it will make a difference.Same goes for professional-level conferences that will help you with networking and gaining insights regarding the corporate world.Why Blogging Has a Greater ROI Than Speaking at a ConferenceMarketing experts believe that blogging yields a greater return on investment as compared to speaking at a conference for obvious reasons. Through blogging, you can reach out to thousands of people while speaking at a conference only allows you to reach out to a limited number of people present at a conference.However, you can make the most of your conference if you record your presentation and upload it on YouTube which will attract more potential customers than ever before.Selecting the Right ConferenceSelecting the right conference is critical because you do not want to waste your time. Just any conference that you attend is not going to help you the way it should. Ther efore, you will have to do your homework well and carry out thorough research to see if the target audience attending the conference is appropriate for promoting your products or services.Pick a Subject That You Are Well Versed InBefore signing up to speak at a conference, make sure that you know the subject matter like the back of your hand. If you don’t know much about the subject, it’s better to stay home because you do not want to embarrass yourself in a room full of people when they bombard you with questions and queries in the QA session at the end of the speech.Also, you will be able to give better real-life examples and speak from experience when you are well-versed in the subject.DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONFERENCE SPEAKERS: WHICH ONE ARE YOU?Presenting style and skills usually vary from person to person and conference speakers are usually classified into three different types: sponsors, practitioners, thought leaders/professional speakers.Sponsor conferences are conferences sponsored by a company with an agenda in mind â€" marketing. The focus of the conference is to create brand awareness, educate people about the company’s products or services and promote them in the best way possible. In such conferences, the whole conference is carried out in such a way that the VP of Marketing gets a chance to get the keynote across to the attendees.Practitioners are a different kind of conference speakers and often speak to inform people what they have done with respect to the various projects they have worked on. The focus is certainly not on discussing strategy but on specific outcomes, results, and challenges. However, practitioners are quite reserved and do not have much experience when it comes to giving extempore speeches to large crowds of people.Thought leaders, also known as professional speakers, earn their bread and butter by speaking to large crowds of people. Thought leaders are good at engaging their target audience by bringing enthusiasm to the t able. They know exactly how to draw the attention of hundreds of listeners toward them by keeping their speech crisp and interesting. Since thought leaders speak to the public in order to earn, they charge a steep fee per hour.HOW TO GET THE MOST OUT OF SPEAKING AT A CONFERENCELet us suppose that you have signed up to speak at a conference but you are not exactly sure how to prepare for the big talk. Have a look at some of the points that will help you get the most out of speaking at a conference.Yes, it is perfectly understandable that you want to capitalize on the opportunity to promote your product or service when you are up on stage, but remember that hard selling will only make you look bad and taint your credibility. The top two traits of a good speaker are adding value and sharing insights with their listeners. Once you get the flow, you can use subtle promotional techniques if you want.In order to engage your audience, it is best to analyze their level of understanding and t hen speak to them. For instance, if your audience already knows the basics related to the topic, just give a very brief overview in the beginning and cut to the chase. Engaging the audience is critical.Once again, when you are preparing your speech, remember to do some research on the type of listeners who will attend the conference so that you can tailor your speech according to their needs. After all, the listeners want to hear something that will add value to their knowledge and give them some takeaway points to ponder.Practice on giving a flawless presentation weeks before the big day, so you are well prepared when you are on stage. Also, remember to create engaging slides and use visual aids to keep the audience engaged from the beginning until the end.You must have full command of the subject that you are going to present on because you will have to answer the queries of the listeners once the QA session begins. In fact, always pick a topic that you know like the back of your hand, so it is easier for you to explain and reduces the need to cram notes that you are most likely to forget.If you have never presented in front of a large audience before, it is best that you take some time to learn breathing techniques. This will help you to deliver your speech more confidently and keep you from getting tongue-tied or nervous when you forget a few lines in between. Presenting on stage is no child’s play because hundreds of pairs of eyes are trained on you.Do not spend so much time explaining one topic in the presentation that you are left with no time in the end. Good presenters always prepare their speech in such a way that it finishes within the stipulated time. Always remember, time management is a key factor when it comes to delivering flawless, engaging and interesting presentations.If you are going to be up on stage for a long period of time, it is best that you add some jokes or something fun from time to time so that the presentation doesn’t seem to o boring or serious.TIPS FOR A BETTER PRESENTATION AND CONFERENCE SPEAKINGHere we have got some interesting tips lined up for you so you can give flawless presentations and speak at conferences comfortably without getting nervous ever again.1) Prep like a BossThe 51-49 RuleAs a conference speaker, you are responsible for keeping everyone in the room entertained, and you can only do this successfully if you are equipped with superb presentation slides. Not only should the content of the presentation be strong and insightful but your delivery should also match up to the expectations of the audience. Hence, the art of successful conference speaking relies upon the 51-49 rule; 51% entertainment and 49% meaty content.Focus on the Key Takeaway PointsPut yourself in the shoes of the listener and think, ‘Is the presentation going to have enough key takeaway points that will help me later on?’ Your speech should be prepared in such a way that you can give the listeners some key takeaway points to think about and use later on. The lengthy discussion should give the listeners something they can take back to work and incorporate into their daily routines.Use Intellectual QuotesPeople look forward to hearing something that will pique their interest and compel them to think about. Use a few intellectual quotes here and there so that it keeps your listeners engaged and at the same time, makes them want learn more. There is no reason why you should have to ‘dumb down’ the presentation. The audience is here to gain further knowledge on the topic â€" make sure you give them what they want.Prepare 1-2 Slides for Each PointPresentations at conferences usually last for an hour, but setting the pace of the presentation depends upon you entirely. However, if you are not too sure on how many slides you should have in order to explain a point, try to prepare two slides at the most for each point. In this way, your presentation will remain crisp, and it will not begin to bore t he audience.Make Sure Your Slides Are LegibleYour listeners will be reading the slides off the screen from time to time and to make sure people in the last row are able to see everything clearly, test the legibility of your presentation right from the start. The best way to do this is to de-clutter the presentation, use bullet points and one-liners instead of lengthy paragraphs. Also, sit six feet away from your laptop screen to ensure the fonts are readable and clear.Select the Right TypefaceYes, the typeface you use in the presentation will definitely make a difference. In this area, let your creativity take charge and use serif or sans fonts in different sizes, colors and styles to make the slides look readable and presentable. Some popular typefaces used by professional presenters these days are Helvetica, Museo, Archer, and Gotham. But like we said earlier, the sky is the limit when it comes to deciding the typeface, theme and design of the presentation.However, if you are pres enting in front of a large crowd for the very first time, it is best to keep things simple yet engaging.Have Realistic ExpectationsGood presenters are those who understand that they are only human and mistakes are unavoidable. Do not pressure yourself into giving flawless presentations right from the start. If you set the bar too high with unrealistic expectations on your very first presentation day, the chances are that you will be disappointed when you are not able to achieve your set goals.The best way to curb your fear of public speaking and anxiety is just to practice, practice and practice until you become a pro.2) Have All the Right Equipment HandyKeynoteIf you are really serious about speaking at conferences and giving presentations, then there is no reason why you should use anything other than Keynote for making presentations. Keynote offers a wide range of tools for canvas placement, typographic control and aesthetics as compared to basic presentation software programs li ke PowerPoint.You can easily download this software and use it to make stellar presentations on Mac as well as Windows. Once you start using Keynote in place of PowerPoint, you will see just how much you can do with presentations by getting in touch with your creative side.iShowUFor screen casts, there is nothing better than iShowU. It is an inexpensive app that offers a wide range of innovative features that can be used for creating flawless presentations effortlessly. You can use iShowU for adding video snippets as well as video screen captures to your presentation for which downloadable files are not available.Logitech Cordless PresenterYou may find a variety of sleek and light presenters on the market, but they do not seem to work as well as the Logitech Cordless Presenter. This presenter is slightly bulkier than its counterparts, but it will not let you down as far as reliability is concerned. Apple remotes are usually not that durable and the range is short, so you may want to consider splurging on a cordless presenter that is all but the industry standard when it comes to the professional conference-speaking business.3) On StageLet Your Personality Flow into the PresentationDo not try to be someone you are not when you speak at a conference because when you stray from your true personality, mistakes are bound to happen. Now, for instance, some presenters have a conversational style while others have a more formal style of presenting. All presentation styles are a unique reflection of the speakers themselves, which is why it is pointless to deviate from it.Whether your presentation style is casual, conversational, snarky, humorous or matter-of-fact, it is important that you embrace it so you can shine on stage and keep your listeners engaged for longer.Establish Your Presence in the First Minute of the PresentationThis one here is kind of a deal breaker so pay attention to what you need to do in the first minute to create a strong presence on stage. The best conference speakers usually bank on the first minute of the presentation to mesmerize the audience and keep them engaged till the end.You can do this by staying strong and confident. Also, try not to bore your listeners with dry topics pertaining to history, be it industrial or personal. All you have to do is dive right in and don’t look back until it is over.Remain Cognizant of Audience InterestAnother golden quality of seasoned conference speakers is that they can tell when their listeners are engaged in the presentation and when they are not. As soon as they get the slightest hint of disinterest, they switch things up to a faster pace to get them up and active. This is something that you will develop once you start speaking at conferences regularly.However, if you are a newbie in this regard, you need to pay attention to certain things:Ask questions or elaborate on certain key points for better understandingPause deliberately from time to timeAdd some sense of humor in the presentationSkip content when you feel that your listeners are bored4) Keep Your Audience in the Loop â€" QA SessionAlways Repeat the QuestionRepeat the question at least twice. There are two main reasons why you should do this: to get the attention of the listeners and give them time to think, and so that those listening to the recorded or videotaped version are aware of what is being asked if the question is not very clear.Make Sure You Give a Legit Answer When Asked a QuestionOkay, now this is extremely important in terms of increasing your credibility. Elaborate on your answer in such a way that the person who has asked the question can have a clear understanding. Also, try to give a few examples, if applicable, to make it easier for the person to relate. If you are not sure how to answer the question, do not linger on it or waste time. Request to get back to the question later on.Don’t Linger on Answering One Question for Too LongYou are inevitably bound by time when you are onstage. You can extend the presentation for 5-10 minutes, give or take, but not more than that which is why you need to practice time management. The QA session is important, but you cannot let it go on for too long which is why you must try to give legit, but brief, answers. This will allow more people to ask questions and give their feedback once the presentation is over.CONCLUSIONWhether you have flair for public speaking or not, if you focus on the points given above, you will be able to give flawless presentations with lots of practice and determination. Public speaking is not rocket science, and once you get the hang of it, the benefits will follow automatically. So do not be afraid to try speaking at conferences to get the right exposure you need to enlighten your career and grow your business exponentially.

Hospitality Industry Hilton Hotel Corporation Macro Micro Analysis Free Essay Example, 3750 words

An organization s situational analysis will reveal the internal environmental conditions, which are reflected in its strengths and weaknesses as well as the opportunities, and threats, which the company should pursue or manage through the utilization of its resources and strengths. A company s internal environment consists of its human resource, capital, technology, equipment, markets, and materials. These are commonly referred to as the Five M s Men, Money, Machinery, Material, and Markets. An internal environmental audit will indicate where the company needs to improve upon and what strengths can be utilized to optimise the available opportunities and which threats have to be countered or avoided. Hilton Hotels strategic situational analysis can be assessed through a SWOT analysis, which can facilitate decisions on, how the company can best align its resource base to take advantage of the business opportunities while safeguarding against the threats. SWOT analysis finding should be used in developing those weakness areas by strengthening the internal deficiencies and building required core competencies (Duncan, Ginter Swayne 1998). Strengths of the company lie in the highly reputed brand name of the Hilton Hotel Group and its affiliated hotel brands as Conrad. We will write a custom essay sample on Hospitality Industry Hilton Hotel Corporation: Macro & Micro Analysis or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Evaluation Of A New Company And Looking For Young...

Individual Project Name of contact: Rick Sitter Name of company: Previous- Legal Recovery Law Offices/ New -TBD Mission Valley, CA Contact phone: (619)206-8241 Contact Email: rsitterlrlo@gmail.com Interview Date: 4/19/17 Initial Point of Contact: I met Rick Sitter off of an internship ad listed on craigslist. The ad. stated he was â€Å"starting a new company and looking for young entrepreneurs.† His new company is going to be helping people, who owe money to credit companies, get out of debt. With his vast knowledge of the industry and with his partnership with the recently unemployed lawyers from his previous business LRLO, Rick feels he can attain success. Initially, I decided to email him back solely about†¦show more content†¦This gave Rick an opportunity to take those frozen accounts and start his own collections agency with the vast amount of local and international accounts and connections that National University previously provided. This was a start to a new business altogether, and without National as an overhead, Rick was able to make substantially more profit for himself and his three co-partners that he brought in with him to Legal Recovery Law Offices. Along with his own savings, his three par tners also matched his investment into the new business allowing them to support starting costs and equipment needed for the business. When Rick started the business, he said â€Å"The field was relatively new. Few rules or laws, if any, applied to us and we were able to have free reign on the industry.† He was able to partner with Capital One, Visa and MasterCard. When he started, many laws and rules that we see today in this field didn’t apply, but now the collections field has seen a vast drop in growth as more and more laws are enforced and more fees and lawsuits continue to add up for collection firms. Legal Recovery was one of California’s industry leaders and until recently, had been able to survive, but Rick stated, â€Å"The current legal measures and rules against publicly owned collections agencies is astronomical, our only option was to shut down and open a separate firm in a different direction.† The major challenges faced by Rick wereShow MoreRelatedBusiness Opportunities At The United States Of America876 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to investopedia.com, â€Å"If the recession have proven anything, it’s that even corporate giants have to think outside the box to stay afloat. These companies show that with patience, innovation and occasional brutal change, you can beat recession and come away with a profit even during the roughest times.† An entrepreneur is someone who manages to open a business with a lot of risk and initiative. 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Such trend has not been seen since the times before the industrial revolution. Millions of people coming from widely diverse backgrounds, at different ages start new business ventures. Experienced professionals, students, academic researchers, famous business tycoons and average corporate employees, worldwide, peruse new business opportunities and introduce new products and servicesRead MoreEssay on Bellamys Looking Backward: Utopia or Fantasy?1610 Words   |  7 PagesBellamys Looking Backward: Utopia or Fantasy?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   Although Edward Bellamys twentieth century society in Looking Backward appears to be the perfect utopia, it could never exist. The very factors that Bellamy claimed contributed to the societys establishment and success are, in reality, what would lead to its failure. The twentieth century society lacked the possibility for advancements in technology while at the same time lacking competition and appropriate incentives. Even ifRead MoreVenture Capital in India3879 Words   |  16 Pageschallenges faced by Venture Capital Financing firms. Venture Capital is money provided by professionals who invest and manage young rapidly increasing companies that have the probable to develop into significant economic contributors. The Government of India in an attempt to bring the nation at par and above the developed nations has been promoting venture capital financing to new, innovative concepts ideas, liberalising taxation norms providing tax incentives to venture firms, giving a su pport toRead MoreEmerging Entrepreneur Trends2567 Words   |  11 PagesTIMSR, MUMBAI Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine key emerging trends in Entrepreneurs in India its reasons for growth and impact towards economy and society as a whole. Design /approach – The paper is primarily theoretical and observational. 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Companies like 3M and Toyota have put in special incentive programs or their employees to come up with workable ideas.Almost 28% of new productRead MoreMosh Song Analysis1731 Words   |  7 Pages#2 Dec 14, 2010 Critical Evaluation 998 The Failure of the American Presidency Mosh by Eminem is a protest song that was released in 2004 before the presidential election. The word Mosh itself refers the aggressive behavior in which audience members or fans react in a live music performance. The song is taken from the album Encore and was produced by Ian Inaba of GNN TV; Guerrilla News Network, a private website and television production company in which its goal is to expose

Morfosintaxis Free Essays

The absence of l. It is and it cannot be confused with the finite I O for all persons in the present except for 3rd peers. Sing. We will write a custom essay sample on Morfosintaxis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The distinction of the bare infinitive in English main clauses is as follows: the verb immediately after a modal whether the verb is an auxiliary or a lexical verb, will always show absence of l. She might pass the test similarly, the verb after dummy do will also always show absence of l. They do like white coffee Simple(x) sentence : the sentence that consist of Just one clause, which means that there is only one lexical or main verb (V), though V can of course be preceded by Auxiliaries. Simple sentence is thus synonymous with 1 main clause. The Department rejected the proposal Complex sentence: the sentence that consist of 1 main clause, plus 1 or more subordinate clauses. A complex sentence contains therefore several lexical or main verbs (V), one for each clause that actually occurs, and in turn each of these verbs can aka its own Auxiliaries. One of these verbs (V) will be the main verb of the overall structure, and the other verbs (V) will be subordinated to the former. They all liked the way he behaved The first verbal form of a main clause (whether it is V or Qua is obligatorily a finite verb. By contrast, the verbal form of a subordinate clause can be finite or non-finite. Four basic types of simple(x) sentences: declarative sentences negative affirmative interrogative sentences exclamation sentences imperative sentences (typically) affirmative. How to cite Morfosintaxis, Papers

Dont write about reverse psychology free essay sample

Don’t read this essay. Don’t wear pants.A young girl, aptly named Marcy, is obnoxious, precocious, and intolerably insufferable (here have her redeeming qualities come to die). Because of these traits, and the sweet taste of refusal on her tongue, Marcy’s mother often finds herself in strange situations. When dear mother asks Marcy to lave the plates, Marcy retorts with an ardent â€Å"No!† When mother pleas for Marcy to tidy her bedroom, she again counters, â€Å"No!† Even when she, the loveliest of all mothers, expresses concern for Marcy and her abysmally low grades, and recommends rehabilitation by diligently overseeing Marcy’s completion of schoolwork, she is bombarded with naught but vehement denials and bitter rejections from her callow youth. It seems that her once innocent (and complacent) cherub is to exist no more, replaced by a steadfast, incorrigible adolescent.‘Twas one wintry day when the sun sparkled after a fresh pat of snow had lain itself on the e arth, and a chilling wind breathed swish, swish through the leafless branches, and there was much to be done. We will write a custom essay sample on Dont write about reverse psychology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The hustle and bustle of Marcy’s house drummed in her ears, and she took solace in the warm haven of her bedroom. Her mother, however, was not as pleased. The floors need vacuuming! The laundry needs washing! The books need tidying! But Marcy sat, pantless, and doodled, and slept, and filled her mind with dreams of sugarplum fairies and candy canes and piping hot cocoa. Her mother, furious with her insolence, had had it, so she stormed to her room and slammed her meaty fist upon Marcy’s door. She had an idea.â€Å"Marcy, I’d like you to not clean your room. And while you’re at it, please watch more television and eat more candy canes. Don’t wash the dishes, don’t finish your homework, don’t act kindly towards your brother, and definitely don’t put on your pants. Ever!†And with an intent slam, her mother left.Marcy sat, and thought. Bewilderment ensued. Though typically astute, her little mind buzzed and grew hot with confusion. It was positively the most enigmatic puzzle to ever present itself in young Marcy’s life! Was her mother being sarcastic, or merely facetious, or seriously demanding her to not do all those things?Marcy decided on the latter. This was not her brightest moment.And so, with a happily ever after, she never wore pants again (appreciating the refreshing breeze), she never cleaned her room again, and her mother wept nightly for her lost cause. The End.Don’t push that shiny red button.A beautiful, villainous criminal mastermind, aptly named Marsilla, was as bewitching as she was evil, as wise as she was diabolical, as hot as she was haughty (here has her humility and benevolence come to die). She lived in an iron-clad fortress on the island of Corsica, acquired by exploiting the fertile vineyards of nearby French residents. Her evildoing garnered appreciation from her minions and provided a stable income, but it stirred a boiling hatred in a young resident of Fontainebleau, Jacques.Jacques was the best of them all. He could ride horses without saddles. He had swam the English Channel in one swift stroke. He could even seduce women with but one flickering glance of his deep, cerulean eyes. He was perfect; perfectly angry, that is. Marsilla had squeezed his family’s vineyard of all their profit, like she had of so many others, leaving them destitute and vengeful. The day Jacques turned fifteen, the day his first hair of manhood sprouted, he bid farewell to his family, to Fontainebleau, to everything he loved and grew up with, and set out on his journey to that magnificent castle of hate, settled on that elusive French island.Through labyrinthine jungles, scorching deserts, and the frigid Mediterranean, he endured all of mother nature’s fury, battling the wildest of beasts and defeating the vilest of attackers. He lost four slices of cheese, three toes, two oak lutes, and and his only bottle of red wine. Bloody and stark of provisions, he stumbled, anemic from blood loss and tripping over his newly lopsided feet, onto the sloping sands of Corsica. He had made it. Staring up at the looming fortress, his eyes searched for an entrance, a crack in its barrier, a fault in its shield. He paraded the grounds with insidious intent, and in his concentration, he tripped over a metal bar protruding from the dirt. However, the metal bar was his key, for as he pushed upon the heavy pole, an opening appeared in the impervious facade, and he, bright-eyed Jacques, resident of Fontainebleau, scurried into the chamber.Marsilla, being the (in)famed handsome and omniscient queen of Corsica, was aware of Jacques’ valiant efforts. But in her heart, in her hardened, blackened heart, she had a touch of sorrow, remnants of a penurious childhood, which bred a whisper of benevolence and compassion, and so she secretly hoped that he would not press that tempting cherry-stained button. Jacques crawled through the musty, grimy furrow, with only the luster from his skin as a guide for his path. His end, he feared, was near. But, alas! The unexpected exit emerged before his eyes! Jacques scrambled towards the light, like a hyperactive chihuahua, and landed on the shimmering tile with a resounding SPLOOG. The tunnel, it turns, was a waste conveyance system.The room Jacques had landed in appeared to be a control center of sorts, with shiny buttons and impeccably clean machines that beeped and flashed at random. He felt bad leaving behind a trail of sploog. As he surveyed the room, wary of important looking switches and knobs, he came upon an intimidating steel door with vertical bars obscuring its foreground, like a jail cell imprisoning a metal wall. Vague inscriptions and monstrous demons painted on its facade piqued his curiosity, so he set both ruddy palms on the cool doorknob and twisted. A cryptic chamber echoed from behind.Darkness suffocated him in this claustrophobic room, but he could see, for one precise, cinematic spotlight shone on a pedestal; what it was supporting he knew not, so he ran forward to look. The parts of his scalp illuminated by the spotlight felt warm as he peeked over the pedestal. Strange, it seemed, for there was but one, fist-sized button, colored a rosy blush, with the white words â€Å"DO NOT PUSH† stamped over its face.He deliberated. He sweat. His little mind pondered harder than it ever had before, and resolutely, with a calm visage, his scraped palms pressed upon that baffling button.Click.With that, a metal claw, like the hand of some behemoth demon, whisked him in the black air, up and up, until it reached the pointed tip of a tower, the top of a cone, and plopped him on a precarious chair, balanced at the apex, sparing no time before spraying him with sticky chocolate and covering him with feathers. He let out a shriek. A fool for Corsica to mock.â€Å"Sigh,† sighed Marsilla.The End.Please buy me, not a fluffy puppy, but an equally fluffy tarantula.I love whitewashing fences! And no, you can’t help.Don’t not eat your salad not before eating your dessertnot.Don’t not think this is too long.And, for the love of all that is holy on our godforsaken Earth, please, please do not accept me to the University of Chicago.I hope that story doesn’t turn out like the rest.

Hunger of Memory Religion Essay Example

Hunger of Memory: Religion Essay Hunger of Memory: Religion Rodriguez is very open about Catholicism and the identities and views that he has had in his life both as a child and now as an adult. He begins by explaining how as a child, the Church had a profound impact on his everyday life. The Church had â€Å"an extraordinarily physical presence† in Rodriguez’s early life as he had a church and a catholic school both within one block in either direction of his home (Rodriguez pg 85). As a young boy, Rodriguez’s first taste of church was through a small wooden church across town where mass was done all in Spanish. At this stage of his life, Rodriguez still felt alienated by â€Å"los gringos† and maintained that public and private life should be kept separated. But as Rodriguez assimilated in the classroom as a child, he also realized that the church â€Å"provided an essential link between the two worlds of my life† (Pg. 87). No longer did he see his family as â€Å"catolicos† but he â€Å"began to think of myself and my family as Catholics. The distinction blurred† (pg. 87). It is here where we see the first time that Rodriguez finally begins to assimilate into society and start to relate more and identify himself in a more American way. As the years progressed, Rodriguez became more involved with the church as an altar boy and his academic life and church life were blended. This changed once Rodriguez went to high school, as he admits that he went to church less often. His view of the church also changed as he once saw it as very spiritual, but now saw that â€Å"religious instruction became rigorously intellectual† (Pg 110). We will write a custom essay sample on Hunger of Memory: Religion specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Hunger of Memory: Religion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Hunger of Memory: Religion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer His identity as a Catholic who was similar to his parents (his view as a child) now changed as he came to the realization that â€Å"my parents assumed a Catholicism very different from mine. My parents seemed to me piously simple†¦unwilling to entertain intellectual challenges† (pg 110). Rodriguez’s views morphed into a very intellectual and studious view, once again altering his identity from when he was a child. Once in college, Rodriguez’s views on the church had changed even more as he admits that the church was no longer his â€Å"sole spiritual teacher†. His connection with the church slowly dwindled as well as stopped going to confessional and began to go to his friends if he needed advice. However, Rodriguez continued to blend his catholic views with his intellectual readings on theology and really became a free thinker. Rodriguez admits that â€Å"education may have made it inevitable that I would become a citizen of the secular city, but I have come to embrace the city’s values. By choice I do not confine myself to Catholic society† (pg. 115). This idea of free choice is ultimately where Rodriguez finds himself in his religious views. He is an individual who chooses what he wants to believe in, and it is part of his identity was an educated adult. Although many of his religious ideals as a child were lost due to the changing world around him, Rodriguez admits that he stills wishes that he could go back to the way the church was when he was a child. He â€Å"longed for the Latin mass† (pg. 112) as it was simplistic and as it focused on the individual rather than the group. Rodriguez believes that ones relationship with God is at an individual level and that all the changes made in church are â€Å"aimed at serving Catholics who no longer live in a Catholic world† (pg. 113). As the times and church have changed, so has Rodriguez. He admits that he will continue to go to English mass but will recall the faith that he once had as a child. Rodriguez will â€Å"always be grateful to the church that took me so seriously and exposed me so early, through the liturgy, to the experience of life† (pg. 106). Rodriguez’s past and present are forever intertwined by this fact; his identity was formed by it.

Nintendo Analysis Micro Environment Repost from Blog Essays

Nintendo Analysis Micro Environment Repost from Blog Essays Nintendo Analysis Micro Environment Repost from Blog Paper Nintendo Analysis Micro Environment Repost from Blog Paper Essay Topic: Blog Analysis Suppliers: Companies being the developers of their own video games become the suppliers themselves. The augmented products used in the development of these games may include cads, hard disks, electronic components, software?s, game writers, packaging of the consoles, printing of manuals and additional features like graphics etc to make the games more popular. Distributors: Distributors play a vital role in the video game industry. They include the local store distributors and now days the online distributors too who have major undistributed to the video game industry. However it is essential to know the potential distributors of video games as some might just act as middlemen to make profits. Customers: The individuals playing video games comprise an increasingly large and definition-defying group. According to the Entertainment Software Association, the average gamer is 35 years old and has been playing for 13 years. Incidentally, there are more gamers than non-gamers in the U. S. Population almost half of which are female. Todays video game players include a diverse segment of students, employees, military troops, seniors, others and fathers who have driven the evolution of games into new territory. The first gamers have grown up, started families and included their children and parents in the fun, multiplying the pool of multi-generational gamers exponentially. As the population of gamers has expanded, market forces have driven game developers to make games more accessible to this new, diverse audience. Competitors: Sony and Microsoft are the major competitors of Nintendo. Sony has about 70% share in the market with Nintendo and Microsoft commanding rest of the market. Nintendo continues to be the market leader in the hand video games and is able to maintain a low price in the hardware. It and has a good reputation for maintaining healthy relationship with outside parties. The other small players like Gear Veined and Universal Games, concentrate mainly on Arcade games, which are not a major threat to Nintendo. In general, the company offering good graphics games at competitive prices can become a leader in the gaming sector. But at the same time, it should also come up with newer products by carefully analyzing the changing requirements of the users.

Management of ChangePrepare a report for the senior management of an Essay

Management of ChangePrepare a report for the senior management of an organisation of your choice identifying an agenda for a management of change programme - Essay Example The role of a leader and communication will be taken into account to reduce resistance to change and speed the process of change. Prescription for change High rates of its development, great volumes of currency receipts have an active influence on various sectors of economy that promotes formation of hotel industry. The most well known Hotel chains are Hilton, Radisson, Sheraton, Crowne Plaza, Holiday Inn and Ramada, Concord, and Ritz. The development of hotel industry is a current need. The history of development of various hotel corporations, as a rule, testifies, that the level of profit is a result of quality service. The main objective of hospitality operator is to maintain the level of service quality and develop strategies to improve their services. The organization under analysis is Hilton hotel chain. It should be noted that hotels and environments have a two-way reciprocal relationship. On the one hand, hotels are open to, and dependent upon, the social and physical environment that surrounds them. Hotels need financial resources and political legitimacy (a set of laws by which to operate) provided by outside institutions and governments (Hayes, Ninmeier, 2003). Customers are significant members of the environment. And knowledge and technology are also a part of the environment: they are produced by other actors in the environment and purchased by the organization as educated labor or as pure knowledge assets. Organizational environments change includes changing knowledge and technology, new values, new markets, and changes in the global distribution of wealth. Environmental change is a main cause of organizational failure. As environments change, they pose new problems for managers of organizations. New knowledge, for instance, can invalidate the existing knowledge of an entire hotel industry. When environments become turbulent, complex, and resource constrained, the knowledge and skills that Hilton hotels once possessed can become useless, and even a hindrance to change. Hilton hotels will acquire new knowledge and technology, and employ these assets in production quickly. From a Hilton management standpoint, technology is a major environmental factor that continually threatens existing arrangements. At times, technological changes occur so radically as to constitute a "technological discontinuity," a sharp break in industry practice that either enhances or destroys the competence of firms in an industry. Fast-changing technologies, such as information technology, pose a particular threat to organizations. To ensure customer satisfaction Hilton hotels should implement and develop new strategy based on Web services. It is not a unique and a new form of service (some hotel chains have already used this service, but still it is one of the most beneficial area for attracting a new customers). The idea of web-enabling Hilton hotels is to provide hotel management companies with the tools they need to compete more e effectively and to grow their businesses successfully. With the help of Internet Hilton hotels, known for its patchy supply chain and bungling circulation processes, will have the possibility to improve efficiency, inventory, audit control and to diminish infrastructure and operation costs by web-enabling their business online. Internet will support the hotel industry to be better equipped to handle business desires, paying attention to clients' needs, competitors and

The microsoft case Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The microsoft case - Assignment Example onopolizing, attempts for monopolization, conspiring or combining with other people with the motive to monopolize part of a  trade  among several States. However, Microsoft was aiming at gaining the monopoly power in the PC market (Economides, 2001). Yes,  I do agree that Microsoft was trying to gain monopoly power in the computer software industry.  Microsoft  mismanaged the opportunity of being the leading market holder in the computer industry, which led to antitrust behavior investigations. The Company had managed to  attain  95% market share through antitrust behaviors (Brinkley & Lohr, 2000). The reports led to the  investigation  for determining whether Microsoft is aiming at establishing a monopoly in the market of the computer software. There have been numerous facts proving that Microsoft was making  efforts  monopolize  the  industry  of software. The creation of Microsoft Office as a package that comprises of packages that are  entirely  assisting the  professional  was a deliberate move to monopolize the market. Microsoft  was also sued  due to developing an operating system that had Windows Media Player; thus, engaging the real media player in unfair competition (Brinkley & Lohr, 2000). In Monopoly markets, Companies have market  power in given segments that  involve  the  production  of commodities. The Monopolies are also the price makers of the products produced. In the case where Government Monopoly  is involved, the government controls accessibility to production. The Government monopoly relates to a monopoly of government cooperation or an agency. However, there are Pros and cons to the natural monopoly. The natural monopoly results due to businesses that require a high start up costs in order to operate in a given business. To the company, monopoly ensures that unnecessary competition is avoided; this results to increased marginal revenue and  strong brand name (Tucker, 2010). Monopoly ensures that an organization enjoys economies of scale

Role of the State in Economic Development

Role of the State in Economic Development In this chapter will seek to throw light on some keys issues from many scholars in the context of theory it related to this research. It is useful for situating the study for charting out what kind of theoretical implication the finding of this study are likely to offer. Therefore in this chapter we discuss the role of state in economic development and the competitiveness in the term of competitiveness in the world market by using revealed comparative advantage and lastly are short brief about the electronics industry. 2.1. The Role of the State in Economic Development The role of state in economic development is enormous not only as regulator but also in law enforcement, the provision of education, adequate infrastructure until on health. The achievement of all the governments role in economic development is depends on the readiness and the government itself. In East Asia has been stated that in the role of state has played in economic development in the region. This can be seen from the many studies about the success of the role of state in East Asia by many authors such as World Bank, 1993, Johnson, 1982, Wade and White, 1984, Amsden, 1989 and Castell, 1992. In this session we will discuss about the perception of the role of state development in East Asia, with emphasis on the relationship between public policy and economics. There are 3 models of the state which we will discuss is the market led model, the state led business model and toward the state interdependence. The Market Led-Model Major institutional anchor market and East Asian development model is a symbol and development strategies, as already stated in the 1980s.by World Bank. In a world development report 1987, the World Bank has been consistently to provide some insight straight from the neo classic from Alfred Marshalls point of view that emphasizes the positive effects of unlimited market in the optimal allocation of resources in order to support free trade and free market development model . In the policy, the World Bank gave some suggestions that the development of the country to adopt a more market development programs such as making links with international bodies like the International Monetary Fund. The story of East Asian development emphasizes the importance of market forces that have been written by Little, 1981, Balassa 1982 and Balassa et.al, 1988. In view of the market-leading model, the role of the state has a limited function as a catalyst and corrector of market failure. According to Little (1981) said that export success in East Asia NIEs stresses because the positive effects of free trade conditions. In this era, the East Asian NIEs have been the transition to industrial capitalism, such as Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong. In this case, the stability of government is essential to provide stable conditions for long-term business conditions and also the regulatory framework and infrastructure capacity too. Balassa remarks in his study of the lessons of East Asian development: The principal Contribution of government in the Far Eastern NIEs has been to create a modem infrastructureà ¯Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ¥ to provide a stable incentive system, and to ensure that government bureaucracy will help rather than hinder exportsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦More generally less use has been made of government regulation and bureaucratic controls in East Asia than elsewhere in the developing world. Finallyà ¯Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ¥there have been fewer policy-imposed distortions in labor and capital markets, and greater reliance has been placed on private enterprise. (Balassa, 1988; .286-8) Its opposite with Paul W. Kuznets views. Kuznets took a different view of the Balassa by comparing the diametric in Japan, Taiwan and South Korea and end with a diametrically different view of the state of the Balassa. Kuznets states, in three countries, Government intervention, although limited by the need to keep exports competitive, had penetrated (Kuznets, 1988; 36). Latin America vs East Asia: the secret of export-led growth According to Balassa, (1988; 271-288) stated that the East Asian NIEs (including Hong Kong) have adopted the first phase of import-replacing industrialization (the primary local market and import of consumer products are replaced by labor-intensive local production) and is opposite with Latin America NIEs by adopting the second phase of import-substituting industrialization (local production as a producer of goods, capital-intensive import substitute). Balassa (1988) said that export growth in East Asia NIEs which they recorded the highest GDP growth rates among developing countries. Factors influencing this are: Export carried out in accordance with comparative advantage by contributing to the allocation of resources. This condition is an advantage of the new, improved efficiency based on the excellence of each industry and the country concerned. (Balassa, 1988; 280-1) East Asia NIEs exports provide to overcome the limited domestic market with to maximalist use of resources and reap the benefits of large-scale production. Import substitution and protection are often monopolies; export-oriented industrialization is more towards the competition with a change toward more modern technology in order to improve their position in world markets. According to Balassa (1988; 268-8) that four determinants of economic performance of East Asian NIEs are beneficial are: Stability of an incentive system. History of East Asian countries shows that the system is to encourage exports by setting up incentives, eliminating administrative barriers and create a favorable environment for exporters with a relatively stable condition. These conditions contrast with Latin America NIEs. Where East Asia NIES countries are more inclined to avoid any increases or fluctuations in exchange rates, and exporters can usually expect that the incentives they receive will be maintained in the period, while countries in Latin American NIEs with fluctuating exchange rates and wage increases in exports, so it is reduce the profitability of exporters. Limited government intervention. Countries in East Asia have implemented the administrative system is far more limited than in Latin America. This condition is meant by East Asian nations to create a positive environment for economic growth with free markets working. Well function labor and capital markets. The existence of the policy of East Asian countries has instituted in distortion imposed on labor and capital markets. Where labor markets are generally free in East Asia Niles is different with the regulation in Latin America NIEs. These conditions not only on the labor market but also more free capital markets in East Asia NIEs than in Latin America NIEs. Another factor is the interest rate in line with market prices to provide incentives for domestic savings and to prevent capital outflow, while in Latin America NIEs, artificially low interest rates affect currency values is considered too high to encourage overseas capital. Dependence on private capital. Comparing the existence of dependence of the private sector in East Asia NIEs is greater than in Latin America NIEs. In East Asia NIEs private companies to take an important role in making the necessary investments, and through the relationship of international competition to makes efficient and profitable. While in Latin America NIEs, the public companies tend to play a more important role than in the East Asian NIEs. The State-led models State led model is very opposite perspective with the neo classical. The story of the revised outlook from East Asia to the view of the market led to a state model of development led to the concept of state has been expressed by Johnson, 1987, Castell, 1992, as well as success in industrialization on late development in the context of state as the biggest agent in the transformation has been expressed by Gerscenkron, 1962. According to Wade and White observe that: If we turn to Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, among the most dramatic and equitable Cases in the history of Capitalist development, industrialization has in each case been accompanied by aggressive government intervention. The authorities have acted to guide markets and moderate the competitive process in a way that neo classical economics says public officials cannot get right. (Wade and White, 1984; 1) Other scholars such as Deyo said about proposed capacity model strategic, emphasizing the new industrialism East Asia: [the] states commitment to economic expansion and, more important, its capacity to implement well-chosen development strategies differentiates these NIEs from other developing Countries better endowed in natural resources, scale of domestic markets, and other economic assets. (Deyo, 1987; 228) According to the static view, Stephen W.K. Chiu and Tai-Lok Lui (1998; 144) said that state intervention is required for successful late industrialization. This is consistent with Gerschenkron perspective which said that the importance of strong state to overcome the lack of defects, and lack of smooth industrial markets. (Gerschenkron, 1962; Rueschemeyer and Evans, 1985). By following Gerschenkron, Amsden (1989) stated that the industrialization of East Asia is characterized by Late instead of Newly of his (such as the economy in new industries). As a newcomer to East Asian companies must be able to compete with Western companies in terms of technology. In other words, Wade, 1992 said that the magnitude of problems faced by latecomers from the developmental state is to offset the weakness that is often faced by companies in East Asia into International Competition and the transfer of its industrial structure to a more dynamic activity technology. The capitalist developmental state Speaking about development capitalism state directs us to the opinion of Johnson (1987) state that capitalism development does not attempt to replace the market mechanism and private decision, but neither does it abdicate to private profit-seeking Behaviors in the development process. Johnson argued about capitalist development is the logic of the system comes from the interaction of two sub-systems, one public and directed to other development objectives and the private sector and aimed at maximizing profits (Johnson, 1987; 141-2) State of development, according to Johnson, 1987 concept have the following features: Elite Development produced and come to the fore because of a desire to exit the stagnation of dependence and backwardness, that really understand that they need to successfully market to maintain efficiency, motivate the people in the long term, and serves as a check on institutionalized corruption as they struggle against underdevelopment (Johnson, 1987; 140). Because not a socialist country, state development firm committed to private property and markets. The market system is very closely with the government to formulate a strategic industrial policy to promote development. While the development of elite state economic intervention not only on the market. In the state bureaucracy, the pilot agencies (such as MITI in Japan) plays an important role in the formulation and implementation of strategic policy. The agency is given sufficient scope to take initiative and operate effectively, and manage the best people. Johnson showed that a good recruitment in the civil bureaucracy will give good results but also produces a sense of unity and common identity on the part of the elite bureaucracy. Another story about how the state promotes late industrialization has been expressed by Amsden (1989) in which the Korean emphasis on subsidy policy for the revolution industry and disciplined in protecting the new industry grow. Subsidies have given because Korean Integration cannot fight with Japanese companies. Subsidies are given to entrepreneurs to build industry. Korea in the future so that eventually became the major industrialized countries. The discipline Policy, firmly Korean government made a rule that companies that have good performance was the company will be able to award a management and bad performance will get a penalty. This suggests that state intervention is in need when Korea in the industry lags It is required in state bureaucracy that has been selected to get a bureaucracy meritocracy have capable and competent in running the government both in terms of policy and regulation. According to Stephen W.K. Chiu and Tai-Lok Lui (1998; 147) bureaucratic autonomy was also guarded by the politicization of the major economic decisions, or what Johnson calls the separation between reigning and ruling: Otherwise, Johnson said that the politicians set broad goals, protect the technocratic bureaucracy from political pressures perform safety valve functions when the bureaucracy makes mistakes, and take the heat when corruption scandals are uncoveredà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the official bureaucracy does the actual planning, interveningà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ² and guiding of the economy. (Johnson, 1987; 152). All this is a portrait of the importance of the relationship between state development, conglomerates private sector, banks and other institution in economic development. So the bureaucracy and public-private sector can work together in bringing a strong autonomous states that are not only able to formulate strategic development objectives, but also able to translate national goals into broad effective policy measures to promote late industrialization in East Asia. Towards state-business interdependence? According to Stephen W.K. Chiu and Tai-Lok Lui (1998, 149) states in-state theory emphasizes state autonomy in making decisions and carrying capacity to dominate the market. In East Asia, the theory Gilbert and Howe said: We argue that state-cent red theorists disregard the interrelationà ¯Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ¥on of state and society; in viewing the state as an independent entity, they fail to see how it is related to the wider society. Further, they oversimplify societal forces and ignore class conflict within and beyond the state. State and society are interdependent, and must be analyzed as such. (Gilbert and Howe, 1991; 205) Author such as Weiss argued the governed interdependence theory, premised on the proposition that The ability of East Asian firms and industry more generally to adapt quickly to economic change is based on a system that socializes risk and thereby coordinates change across a broad array of organizations both public and private. (Weiss,1995; 594). On the other hand, Weiss argues not only about autonomy is emphasized in state-led model but also the attributes of institutional capacity for coordination with the appropriate type of relationship industrialized countries. Weiss said that in Korea, Taiwan and Japan, the complex matrix of institutions have been established between state institutions and the private sector such as policy networks provides an important mechanism to obtain information and to coordinate cooperation with the private sector with examples of MITI in Japan (Weiss, 1995; 600). This differs with the opinion Samuels in his study of Japans energy policy (Samuel, 1987; 8) says that it is an iterative process of confidence among market participants and public officials, which works better where the patties are stable and negotiations where institutions compacts that ensure their survival. Samuels suggests that Japanese nationals wishing to pursue an energy policy that aims to maintain a stable private market rather than be used to compete or replace private entrepreneurship. Another example, Okimoto debate about the close relationship of government business: It has served as the main instrument for consensus building, the vehicle for information exchange and public-private communication. Close government business relations would be hard to imagine in its absence. Indeed the whole system of Consensus, on which Japans political economy relies, would be hard to maintain without industrial policy as an integrative mechanism. (Okimoto, 1989; 231) Also like Okimoto, Calder said about the financial industry in Japan and the formulation of the strategic capitalism also emphasizes the public-private hybrid system, pushed ahead in the calculation of market-oriented private sector, but with the active involvement of the public sector to encourage public spiritedness and long-term vision (Calder, 1993; 16). Finally, Evans also highlighted the fact that states the successful development can not only be autonomous, they are also embedded in a concrete set of social ties that bind the state to society and provide institutionalized channels for continual negotiation and re-negotiation objectives and policies (Evans , 1995; 12). Competitiveness Competitiveness is the ability to compete in international term between industries not between countries (Krugman, 1996). In winning the competitiveness, the company has its own strategy, such as lower costs, improve product quality and looking for network marketing. However, sometimes the company still needs government support for companies already in several contexts proved to be an important component of the process of achieving competitiveness. The essence of competitiveness strategy are: to improve in-company learning, skills development and technology efforts, to increase the supply of information, skills and technology from around the markets and institutions, and to coordinate collective learning processes that involve different companies in the same industry or in related industries (popularly known as clusters such as, geographic or activity-wise, see Porter, 1990). To win the competitiveness of companies occasionally develop their skills in the market is different for example relating to physical infrastructure, human, financial, technology, capital, and the cluster effect. Competitiveness policy needs arise when one of the markets fails to function efficiently. The experience of East Asian countries in achieving the victory proved that the policy required a coherent and carefully both from the government and the company itself. In order for companies to succeed in international competition, then the measurement of competitiveness needs to be done. One method that can be used in measuring industrial competitiveness in the international area by looking at the competitiveness of industrial products is an international market. One method often used is the RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage). Revealed Comparative Advantage Beginning of comparative advantage was pioneered by David Ricardos that had opposed the theory of absolute advantage by Adam Smith in The wealth of Nations. In the theory of comparative advantage, David Ricardo states that the country must produce and export goods and services that are relatively more productive than other countries and imports of goods and services that other countries are relatively more productive (Mahoney et al 1998). This theory refers to the productivity based on technological differences in each country. In the literature several techniques used to measure a nations competitiveness by using comparative advantage. There are a number of ways to examine the comparative advantage of the country. One common method is to determine just how special of a country in the production both through building Balassa index or revealed comparative advantage index. This check is good proportion of manufactured or exported, or the numbers working in each industry, compared with other countries. Revealed comparative advantage (RCA) was developed by Balassa (1965). RCA essentially measures normalized export shares, in connection with the same industrial exports in the reference state. RCA index used to determine the position of international competitiveness in terms of trade. RCA Approach, which was pioneered by Balassa, (1965, 1977, 1979 and 1986) have been widely used to test industrial excellence in exports in international market. RCA index is defined as the ratio of a countrys share in world exports of a given industry divided by the share of overall world trade. RCA is still a valid measure of comparative advantage in industries across the country. This is also true by definition still reflects the relative export performance in countries, industries and time and thus still useful for the analysis of the state. Several studies have been done using the concept of RCA by using export and import data. Balassa (1977) have performed an analysis of patterns of comparative advantage of industrialized countries for the period 1953-1971. This method has been used also by the scholar to know the position of industrial competitiveness in international markets such as UNIDO; 1986; World Bank; 1994, Aquino; 1981; Crafts and Thomas; 1986; van Hulst et al; 1991 and. Lim; 1997. The formula to measure a countrys revealed comparative advantage (RCA) is given by: xij / xj Index RCA = xiw / xw Explantation: Xij = value exports commodity i country j Xj = total value exports country j Xiw = value exports commodity i world Xw = total value exports world Several studies by using RCA method Table 2.1. Previous Research on Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) No. Researcher Tittle Conclusion 1.. (Utku Utkulu and Dilek Seymen (Turkey, 2004)). Revealed Comparative Advantage And Competitiveness: Evidence For Turkey Vis-À-Vis The Eu/15 All seven indices show that Turkey has revealed comparative advantages for seven of the 63 product groups: clothing and clothing accessories; vegetables and fruit; sugar, sugar preparations, honey; tobacco; oil seeds and oleaginous fruits; rubber manufactures; textile yarn, fabrics and related products. 2. (Amita Batra and Zeba Khan (India, 2005)) Revealed Comparative Advantage: An Analysis for India and China The analysis of the degree of competition reveals that there is no correlation between the manufacturing sectors of India and China in the global economy. 3. (Naseem Akhtar, Nadia Zakir and Ejaz Ghani) (2007) Changing Revealed Comparative Advantage: a case study of Footwear Industry of Pakistan The changing revealed comparative advantage in Pakistans footwear industry i.e., its shift from disadvantage situation to comparative advantage indicates that there is a potential in this sector for higher growth and the industry can become a source of higher exports earnings. 4. (Diarmaid Addison-Smyth in 2005) Irelands Revealed Comparative Advantage The researcher stated that that Ireland has a RCA in the food and beverages, chemicals and IT sectors. 5. (L. G. Burange and Sheetal J. Chaddha in 2008) Indias Revealed Comparative Advantage In Merchandise Trade Results suggest that India enjoys a comparative advantage in the exports of Ricardo and HO goods. The category of Other goods is also enhancing its presence on the list of items offering comparative advantage. All production of goods requiring standard technology is shifting to developing economies like India as reflected in the absence of RCA in imports of HO goods. Electronics Industry Electronics manufacturing is a commodity that is growing rapidly. In 2005, the global electronics industry has achieved the production of U.S. $ 1.338 trillion, the largest manufacturing industry in the world. The biggest share of world electronics industry is Asia Pacific for 36.8% and America by 25.54% followed by Europe and Japan at 21:35% 15:11%. While for the period 2002-2005 the growth rate, the worlds electronics industry is able to reach 8.2%(table 2.2). Today electronics industry seeks to make changes or moving from the high cost industry to the low cost industry. Based on data concerning the movement of high-cost industries to low cost in mind that manufacturing companies located the United States, Canada, Japan and the West have been migrated and set up their production plants in Asia Pacific countries. This is due to lower costs so that the opportunity to earn much higher profits of manufacturing profits (see figure 2.1). Migration to Low-Cost Locations Source: Reed Research, 2005 in Satiago (2007) Today, with rapid technological advances that have occurred shift segmentation of electronic product with a tendency to electronic networking in the Asia Pacific region including China amounted to 2 / 3 electronic products (see figure 2.2). Based on data on the automotive electronics segment have also been due to various electronic components and parts which have been widely used in automotive. The report said that current industrial electronics industry contributes about 30% of the cost of cars and is expected to rise continue in the future. In terms of market size of electronic components, from the figure 2.3 indicated that the major Asian countries contribute to 43%, excluding Japan 19%, bringing the total of Asia now contributes 62% of the total market and Western countries such as Americas and European) to contribute only 38%. Over the last few years, Asian countries also have penetrated Electronics Manufacturing Services (EMS) business in the world and are expected to reap 67% of the global EMS revenue in 2009. Electronics Components Market Source: European Electronic Components Manufacturers Association, 2005 in in Satiago (2007) Based on the trend growth rate of the primary and then the electronics industry can be divided into 4 parts electronics industry, namely (Santiago, 2007): Consumer Products: TV flat panel, high definition TVs, iPods, digital cameras and set top box. Communications products: 3G handset, TV reception on handsets, mobile services. Electronic Industry: Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), green electronics, optical recognition Automotive electronics: products such as global positioning systems (GPS), hybrid cars and electronics for safety purposes. Electronic games for casinos. Indonesia Electronics Industry Indonesian electronics industry is one of strategic industries and important role in the Indonesian economy. The contribution of electronics industry in Indonesias manufacturing exports in 2005 reached 8%, the third largest non-oil exports in the industrial sector (figure 2.4). Share of the Electronics Exports of the Total Manufacturing Exports (in percentage) Period 2005-2009 Note: *) Period of January-October. Source: BPS (2010) Electronics industry in Indonesia is divided into 3 parts (Ministry of Industry, 2007), namely: Consumer electronics industry, which is a function of their use of electronic product is intended for household needs, such as radio, television, video cassette recorders, refrigerators, washing machines. Industrial electronics business / industry, ie electronics products that use the function intended for business or industrial needs such as computers, calculators, medical equipment. Industry electronics component that is part of an electronics product such as television tubes, integrated circuits, resistors, capacitor, motherboard. Of the three categories, consumer electronics industry is relatively developed industry in Indonesia because it uses technology that is easy to use machines like most in other manufacturing industries (eg, injection-molding machines, inserting machines, dipping machine, press machine, roll-formed steel equipment , machine tools, etc.). Another factor is technology that is relatively simple, so easy in the company relocating from principal to Indonesia. Industrial electronics industry has undergone significant developments supported by booming communications and telecommunications sectors. Weakest segment in the electronics industry is an industry component. Component industry is still underdeveloped compared to both other electronics industries. So the electronics industry is still a high dependence Indonesia with imported components. This is due in addition to limited local component industry also collided in terms of product innovation. The majority of the domestic component industry produces low-tech components, such as plastics, rubber, and metal parts, passive components, mechanical parts, such as speakers, transformers, heat sinks, cable connection, flyback transformer, and printed circuit board (PCB). When we compare in terms of number of firms, output, and work with other industries in Indonesia such as the textile industry, the electronics industry in Indonesia is relatively small. According to the survey of medium and large manufacturing firms conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics, Industrial electronics assembly industry is still dominated by the level of innovation and simple modification and limited-production capabilities. Only a minority of companies have the ability to modify the basic, design, and engineering innovation. Viewed from the point of production structure, most electronics companies are very dependent on imported components from principal. Base on survey conducted by the Ministry of Trade in 2008 found that the Indonesian electronics industry is still concentrated in the regions of West Java and Banten, Riau Island, Jakarta and East Java with a percentage of the industry amounted to 59.70 percent, 17:14 percent, 12:05 percent, and 8:10 per from the above provinces such as in Central Java, DI. Yogyakarta and North Sumatra is still far smaller than the fourth region. Based on the data, the Indonesian electronics industry is still concentrated in only four regions. These conditions actually facilitate Indonesian to building facilities and infrastructure that can support Indonesias competitiveness in electronic products. Agglomeration Effects versus Policy Effects: The Case of the Electronics Industry in Malaysia In the present paper, we examined firms location choice within the Malaysian electronics industry, using a conditional logit model. We find that agglomeration and industrial estate have a positive effect on location choice. In particular, agglomeration has much larger effect on location-choice behavior by firms than any other factor. Although the government establishes industrial estates in underdeveloped areas to attract new investment, their effectiveness on location choice is very limited because of the lack of agglomeration effects. From these results, we draw the following two policy implications. First, establishing industrial estates is not an efficient strategy to overcome the regional inequality of industry in a developing country. Other policy tools should be considered for this purpose. Second, enlarging existing industrial estates and/or building new ones will be a good policy tool to attract firms to regions that already have plentiful firms. Dieter Ernst in 2004 Late Innovation Strategies in Electronics Industries: A Conceptual Framework and Illustrative Evidence This paper has developed some important conceptual building-blocks that we need to capture peculiar features of Asias late innovation strategies in the electronics industry. The paper has finding that Asian firms recently have been able to innovate in industries that involve highly complex technological knowledge, despite the fact that they continue to lag substantially behind advanced nations in the development of their RD and innovative capabilities. In addition to design implementation, this includes innovations in process technology for electronic components and in the design

Affirmative Action :: Quotas Race Minority Academics Essays

Affirmative Action In Texas, acceptance to public universities for high school students is now based on academic achievement - if a student is at the top ten percent of his or her class, he or she will be automatically accepted. This is a way to counter the unfairness of affirmative action causes because the admission has nothing to do with race or sex. Arguably, this policy is reasonable because students studying at the same high school receive equal opportunity to learn and educate themselves. This may seem fair, but the same problem still exists. If a student has to work part-time just to make a living because his or her family is unable to sustain financially, how is this student going to find time to study and be successful in school, and therefore, be in the top ten percent? In recent supreme court ruling, the point system that were using in admitting law students at the University of Michigan was ruled unconstitutional and therefore taken out. The university used a point system that quantified the qualification of the applicant's status. If a student's points exceed a certain number, he or she is admitted to the school. The university gives an extra twenty points to the minorities in terms of enforcing affirmative action and helping the disadvantaged. The six of the judges believe that the defined number system is in many ways similar as having a set quota in admitting minority students, which was banned in the case of University of California v. Bakke of 1978. The judges believe that having a rule in admitting students strictly by race is impersonal. In Bakke's case, the University defends itself for having such quota with the fact that admitting minority students into medical school can help improve social discrimination because the minority are less likely to have the education or the financial status to go to a medical school. As a result, being a doctor becomes majority profession. The judges at the time countered the university's statements by stating that the school is being unfair to the non-minority applicants, who are not directly responsible of the social discrimination. The Supreme Court ruled the University of Michigan's point system unconstitutional in the undergraduate level, but kept the same system for the Law school. They believe race should be taken into consideration, but should not quantify qualification. Although the judges opposing this ruling stated that "A fixed numerical score for racial minority status has the virtue of honesty.

One to one communication interaction Essay

In this activity, I will be carrying out two interactions, one with an individual and one with a group of service users. For my individual interaction I have chosen to work with a service user from my workplace. I am a social tutor working with deaf and blind adults. I will take an activity with a group of young children in a local school for my group interaction. After these interactions have taken place, I will look at and discuss the types of communication skills shown, and I will also describe the interpersonal interaction that occurred. Communication with other people involves a process that most of us take for granted. We need to pass information using a form of code from one individual to another. A code is a communication system, which contains elements, which all individuals will understand. This could be verbal, non-verbal i.e. body language, Braille, sign language, writing, pictures or even music to convey a message (CCMS, 2006). We need to express our thoughts to another person using methods of communication. The other person thinks about our communication and responds. We then check the response, whether the communication has been correctly interpreted, and if not we need to clarify our communication. Gerard Egan (1986) states that ‘the goal of listening is understanding’. (Moonie, 2005) see more:describe the impact the behaviours of carers and others may have on an individual with dementia I had chosen to work with a male service user, a resident at my workplace. I will refer to this service user as Mr A throughout this report, to protect his identity. This is important, as confidentiality is a basic human right. Law protects confidentiality through the Data Protection Act 1988, and the Freedom of Information Act 2000. Maintaining confidentiality also forms part of the Care Standards Act 2000, and staff in health and social care are expected to work within the boundaries of confidentiality. Before I undertook my individual interaction, I gave some thought to how I could get as much conversation as possible. Mr A has very limited sight and good hearing. He has a pair of glasses but does not like to wear them. He also has learning disabilities, which makes his ability to respond verbally quite difficult. As I know Mr A well, I will use informal conversation, also a formal interview would not be appropriate due to Mr A’s conversational skills. Informal is defined as â€Å"without ceremony or formality; relaxed and friendly.† (Chambers, 2007) Taking this into account I thought of a few questions, which would be easy for him to respond to. I had open questions in my head, such as ‘what are you doing today’ ‘what would you like for breakfast’ and ‘how was your evening’. Using open questions, I hoped to encourage conversation and interaction between us. Closed questions, which only require a yes or no answer, would not be productive to this activity, however due to Mr A’s disabilities I may have to use closed questions at times. As I have worked with Mr A for two years, I already have a good relationship with him. Mr A requires a lot of support with his personal needs, but likes to be as independent as possible. Talking to other staff, reading Mr A’s care plan and observations I have made during the time I have worked with Mr A has allowed me to build up a good relationship with him, and knowledge of how he likes to communicate. I know when to offer support, and Mr A appears to like me. Mr A makes it quite clear when he is unhappy by shouting. On Tuesday 19th December 2006 at 9am I went to my workplace. The weather was dull and cold outside. Mr A was sat in his usual chair in the living room. He had his arms relaxed by his side, and one knee across the other. There was one other service user in the room, and the radio was on low. The radio is always on for Mr A; he likes to listen to either the radio or the television at all times. Another member of staff was also in the living room writing up paper work. The temperature was warm, the room was well lit but not too bright and the atmosphere was calm. Mr A appeared relaxed. My body language was relaxed, and I smiled and said ‘good morning’ to Mr A, and he said ‘yeah’ in response. He shuffled around in his chair at little as he spoke to me. I sat in a chair in close proximity to Mr A so that he would be able to hear me clearly above any background noise, and know where I was location to him as he has very limited sight. Mr A needs a lot of help with his needs, and he is comfortable with carers in his personal space. I sat relaxed, with my body turned towards Mr A, my arms leaning across my knees. I made sure I looked at Mr A so when I spoke to him he would know I was making as much eye contact as possible. Mr A does not make eye contact with anybody, he tends to look down towards his knees and occasionally look up towards the centre of the room. Although Mr A was not making eye contact with me, I felt it important to maintain contact, as I may be able to guess his thoughts and feelings by looking at his eyes. Mr A settled back into his chair and his body posture was relaxed. With my voice at a calm slow pitch I said ‘who is it Mr A’, Mr A said ‘Sarah been on days too long’. This is an affectionate term for Mr A. I responded with ‘yes I think it is time I had a holiday’ and Mr A laughed and said ‘its time you did’. I laughed with Mr A to show I found his remark amusing. He shuffled around a little in his chair again. I continued to talk to Mr A in a varying tone to ensure my voice sent a friendly message. I asked Mr A how he was feeling today and he said ‘yeah’. I asked him if he was feeling poorly and he said ‘didn’t say that’, so I asked him if he was feeling well. Mr A responded ‘yeah’. By maintaining eye contact and looking interested, I assured Mr A that I was actively listening. Mr A’s receptive language is very good however his expressive language is very limited. In order to find out something from Mr A I have to clarify what it is I want to know. By asking if he felt poorly or well first I knew from experience that Mr A would respond ‘didn’t say that’ to the wrong one. I paraphrased what I had asked, reflecting back on the question to ensure I had understood what Mr A was telling me. I touched Mr A on the arm and told him that I was pleased he felt well. I felt touch was appropriate in this instance, however I recognise that this is not always the case. I asked Mr A if he would like some breakfast, and he responded ‘yeah’. He got up from the chair and made his way to the dining table. Mr A is very good at finding his way around the house and does not like being guided. By not intervening until Mr A asks for help, I am empowering him. This gives Mr A a feeling of confidence and higher self esteem. He sat down in his usual place. I asked him if it was ok to put an apron on him, he responded ‘yeah’ and lifted his arms up so I could tie the apron. It is important to offer choice to Mr A as this empowers him further. Mr A has muscle wastage in his right arm and has very little use of it. He eats well out of a specially designed bowl and a special spoon using his left hand. Mr A is unable to put cereal or milk into the bowl himself, or to spread toast or make drinks. He requires someone to do this for him. I asked Mr A what he would like for breakfast. Mr A responded ‘not much’. This is a typical response so I asked whether he would like Weetabix or Shreddies. This again ensured Mr A had a choice. Mr A answered ‘Weetabix’. Mr A will most often copy the last thing a person says, so I encourage his responses by saying the cereal he has every morning first. After Mr A had finished his Weetabix I asked him if he would like any toast and he said ‘yeah’. I then asked Mr A if he would like marmite on his toast. Mr A responded ‘didn’t say that’ and shuffled around in his chair, indicating to me that he was not very happy. His body language became defensive as he turned away from me. With my voice at a calm slow pitch I asked Mr A if he would like jam on his toast (which he always has) and Mr A said ‘yeah’. I used this tone of voice to calm the situation. Mr A then relaxed and turned back towards the sound of my voice. The questions used at this point were closed because I know that Mr A has little expressive language so at times this is unavoidable. I thought I would offer Mr A a drink at this point so I asked him what he would like to drink. Mr A answered ‘tea’, so I went and made him a cup of tea. After he had finished the tea he stood up and made his way to the kitchen with his cup. He removed his apron and held it out to me. I asked Mr A what he wanted me to do with the apron and he responded ‘rubbish’ so I took the apron and threw it in the bin. Mr A then made his way back to his chair in the lounge. He sat down and crossed his legs, tapping his foot to the song on the radio. I sat back down in the chair close to Mr A, again with my body posture relaxed. I asked Mr A if I could turn off the radio and talk. Mr A’s muscle tone became rigid and he started shouting ‘that’s stupid’ over and over again. I waited a moment until he calmed down and stopped shouting, and then, using a calm, quiet tone of voice, I said ‘we can talk with the radio on low’ and Mr A responded ‘yeah’. I asked Mr A what he had done yesterday evening. Mr A did not respond, so I waited a few moments before I asked if he had been busy yesterday after tea. Mr A said ‘not much’. I asked him I if he had been out and he said no. I asked him if he had listened to the TV or the radio, Mr A answered ‘TV times’ which means he listened to the TV. Mr A was shuffling gently in his chair as he spoke to me and he seemed very relaxed. He uncrossed his legs and crossed them the other way so he was facing towards me even more. I was still sat in the same relaxed position, with my arms resting on my knees, turned towards Mr A as much as possible. I asked Mr A what he would be doing today, again Mr A responded ‘not much’. I asked him if he was going out and he said ‘don’t know about it’, I said to Mr A that he would have to think about it and see how he felt later. I told Mr A that I was going to put my feet up for the rest of the day and do no work. Mr A laughed at me and said ‘she does that sometimes!’ I asked Mr A if he had enjoyed talking to me this morning and he answered ‘yeah’. I touched Mr A on the arm again and said goodbye. Mr A responded ‘Yeah’ and continued to tap his foot. I felt the interaction went very well. Mr A responded very well in conversation, and I feel that was due to the factors involved. The location was quiet, warm and calm. Mr A was seated in an environment he is very comfortable with. Mr A appeared comfortable with the proximity, that is, the fact I have to be very close to him, in his personal space. This is due to his personal difficulties, and his need for support with a lot of his personal needs. As he is quite an elderly gentleman, he has relied on carers being very close to him and helping him do things his whole life and seems very comfortable with this. If the support offered to Mr A is more than he wishes for, he quickly becomes very angry. At no time did Mr A appear to be unhappy with the support I gave him. During the interaction, Mr A was not able to see my body language due to his visual disability, however I sat close to him and faced him at all times so he would be aware that I was listening fully. Mr A’s body language was good throughout most of the interaction, he leant towards me and his muscle tone was relaxed. My body language was relaxed throughout the interaction, both when seated and when assisting Mr A with his breakfast. Mr A does not use hand gestures when he speaks, mostly due to his muscle wastage in his right arm. At one point when I asked him if he would like marmite on his toast, he exhibited a little negative body language by turning away from me. When I suggested turning off the radio Mr A’s muscle tone became very rigid and he shouted at me. This was an indicator that Mr A was very unhappy with the suggestion and wanted the radio left on. The radio was turned down low and did not hamper the conversation in any way as we could clearly hear each other. My conversation with Mr A was informal. This is because I know Mr A very well so do not need to speak to him in a formal manner. I gave Mr A appropriate lengths of time to respond to my questions, and I listened carefully to his answers. By giving Mr A time to respond to my questions, I ensured that he had time to think about what I was asking, and formulate the correct response. I followed up by responding to his answers with appropriate further conversation. At one point I had to clarify a question by changing it from asking ‘what he had done yesterday evening’ to ‘if he had been busy yesterday after tea’. By asking the question in a different way I was checking that Mr A had fully understand what information I required from him. This in turn encouraged Mr A to respond when maybe he did not wish to, or maybe did not understand the question. Mr A is a person who likes to be as independent as possible. He appreciates when I understand his needs and what he is trying to tell me. Throughout my interaction with Mr A I used empathy at all times. Empathy is â€Å"a person’s awareness of the emotional state of another person and their ability to share an experience with them† (Richards, 2003, p.121). I was aware of Mr A’s emotional state and my ability to build an understanding. On two occasions I touched Mr A’s arm briefly to show friendliness and compassion. I feel Mr A was very responsive to our interaction and I was very happy with how it went. I think that given Mr A’s verbal disabilities I engaged him in a good conversation, listened well and used correct techniques to aid this. I also provided him with the correct amount of support during his breakfast. The other staff member present in the room was my deputy manager. I asked her to complete a witness statement for my to say I had completed an interaction with Mr A. She agreed to this. I also asked her for feedback on the techniques I had used, and how she felt the interaction went. She told me that I had engaged Mr A well. When Mr A is listening to the radio he doesn’t always want to talk. He responded that he was happy to talk to me with the radio turned down low. She said Mr A appeared very relaxed and seemed to enjoy talking to me. He was also happy to go to the dining table and let me assist him in getting some breakfast. When asked, Mr A said he had enjoyed talking to me. He also appeared to be happy with the support I offered him when getting his breakfast. As he can become angry quite easily when offered too much support, I also felt this was good feedback.